Odon in one or another gene of the cluster.towards the start of genes that is observed in streptomycetes, and sometimes occur in conserved growthassociated genes (Chater Chandra, 2008). Interestingly, there is a strong target for BldD binding within bldA (den Hengst et al., 2010).Previously unnoticed aspects of the occurrence of conserved TTA codonsEarlier analyses had indicated that most of the
W). This emergence into the air has been suggested as a trigger for the sporulation pathway controlled by the whi genes (Claessen et al., 2006). Convincing BldN reciprocal hits (at well over 50 identity and with local synteny) were found only among morphologically complex genera of actinomycetes (Fig. 3), suggesting a close connection of bldN with the emergence of complexity (reciprocal hits with
Translation (Nguyen et al., 2003; Takano et al., 2003). Translational regulation is via a very rare UUA codon in the adpA mRNA, falling between the segments encoding the two domains of AdpA. UUA is the only one of the six leucine codons to comprise only A and U residues, so the corresponding TTA codon is comparatively rare in GC-rich genomes ?it occurs in only 147 chromosomal genes in S. coelicolo
Translation (Nguyen et al., 2003; Takano et al., 2003). Translational regulation is via a very rare UUA codon in the adpA mRNA, falling between the segments encoding the two domains of AdpA. UUA is the only one of the six leucine codons to comprise only A and U residues, so the corresponding TTA codon is comparatively rare in GC-rich genomes ?it occurs in only 147 chromosomal genes in S. coelicolo
There is little evidence of direct regulatory interplay between the two genes. Possibly, then, AdpA evolved to regulate aspects of developmental physiology complementary to those regulated by BldN (if so, one might anticipate that some cross-checks between the two regulons will eventually be discovered). The regulation of adpA in streptomycetes is remarkably complex (reviewed in detail in Liu et a
Nd their TTA codons have adaptive value to streptomycetes and not to other actinobacteria. As shown in Table 2, about half of these genes encode proteins likely to be closely implicated in gene regulation or signal transduction, although their targets are mostly unknown. They include five conserved paralogues of genes found in the whiJ cluster (see below for further discussion) and gene sets for h
There is little evidence of direct regulatory interplay between the two genes. Possibly, then, AdpA evolved to regulate aspects of developmental physiology complementary to those regulated by BldN (if so, one might anticipate that some cross-checks between the two regulons will eventually be discovered). The regulation of adpA in streptomycetes is remarkably complex (reviewed in detail in Liu et a
This general class were present in the ur-actinobacterium, giving rise to the possibility of subtle control of sigma factor activity by signals that might include morphological checkpoints (as in the case of the spoIIAA/spoIIAB genes of B. subtilis; PiggotHilbert, 2004) or stress (as in the case of sigB of B. subtilis; Price, 2000). Indeed, BldG influences the activity of the stress-responsive sig