Stigated models that included interaction terms between fat gain and age, as well as fat gain and a dichotomous growth velocity indicator (above or below 1 cm/year). We did not find any significant interactions between fat gain and these covariates of pubertal transition.| Shattuck-Heidorn et al.Evolution, Medicine, and Public HealthCONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONSAs a lean population going through the
El 1. Adiposity as predictorModel 2. Leptin as an independent predictorModel 3. Leptin as predictorModel 4. C-peptide of insulinModel 5. Linear growth velocitywere applied to adjust for urinary concentration [37]. The intra-assay coefficient of variation for the high control was 13.4 and for the low controls 13.8 . Inter-assay coefficients of variation were 10.1 for high and 15.7 for low contro
El 1. Adiposity as predictorModel 2. Leptin as an independent predictorModel 3. Leptin as predictorModel 4. C-peptide of insulinModel 5. Linear growth velocitywere applied to adjust for urinary concentration [37]. The intra-assay coefficient of variation for the high control was 13.4 and for the low controls 13.8 . Inter-assay coefficients of variation were 10.1 for high and 15.7 for low contro
As an anti-inflammatory effect [51]. How other types of physical activity, such as that associated with agricultural lifestyles, relates to immune function is an important locus for future research. The dominant public health discourse concerning CRP is one of pathology and "chronic inflammation", yet for at least a decade human biologists working in non-Western populations have found lower CRP th
It is difficult to parse behavioral from physiological influences without direct measurement of the growth spurt. Alternatively, changes in levels of CRP may signify broader shifts in immunocompetence, perhaps particularly in innate immunocompetence, and not be specific to the action of CRP in particular. Outside of the context of chronic disease and pathology, the functional significance of varia
Dent power for predicting log CRP (Model 5, Table 2).Energetics and the immune systemShattuck-Heidorn et al. |pathological processes such as the increased recruitment of macrophages into adipose tissue in response to stress signals from enlarged adipocytes [40]. Here we find that CRP, in a range well below the chronic levels understood to result from obesity, is positively associated with adiposit
Ment in other energetic demands, such as reproduction or physical activity, also evidence trade-offs with nonacute immune function? Intriguingly, two recent studies support a hypothesis that there are some trade-offs between female reproductive function and higher levels of CRP. Though they do not| Shattuck-Heidorn et al.Evolution, Medicine, and Public Healthspecifically investigate non-acute CRP,
Frequent turnover, requiring some relatively constant commitment of energetic resources, though the metabolic cost of this is unknown. Our data also imply that there are meaningful differences in low levels of CRP. Interestingly, administration of human CRP to mice protects against pneumococcal infections, but not if CRP is administered after exposure to the bacteria, suggesting an early prophylac