From each fish, flash frozen separately in liquid nitrogen, then stored at -80 until RNA extraction. In Trial 1, blood was centrifuged (3,000 RPM, 20 minutes) and plasma collected and stored at -80 for cortisol quantification. For Trial 2 and 3, blood was centrifuged for 3 minutes (11,700 RPM, Autocrit Ultra 3, Becton Dickinson) and hematocrit measured immediately. Use of research animals compli